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Permanent residence or EU long-term resident status is generally available after five years; citizenship by naturalisation usually after five years and passing the integration exam.
After five years of continuous lawful residence you can apply for a Dutch permanent residence permit or for EU long-term resident status, provided you have stable income and (in most cases) pass the civic-integration exam (inburgering). EU long-term status additionally allows onward movement to other EU member states under conditions. Citizenship by naturalisation is generally possible after five years (shorter for partners of Dutch nationals) and requires passing the integration exam, including Dutch language. The Netherlands in principle requires renouncing your other nationality, though several legal exceptions apply.
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Guidance only, not legal advice. ACME is an independent consultancy, not affiliated with any government. Rules change, confirm details with official sources.